Basra

Basra, or al-Basrah in Arabic, is believed to mean 'black pebbles'. This quiet city is Iraq's principal port, sometimes called 'the Venice of the East' for its many canals and creeks. A rich cultural centre till the 9th century, Basra is now known for its many petroleum refineries and shipping businesses. Over the course of history, especially since the US-led invasion in 200, the city has changed. It can be broadly distinguished as Old Basra, full of culture and history, and New Basra, the economic centre of the region. Basra is the capital of the Al- Basrah governorate in south-eastern Iraq. Through the 8th and 9th centuries, it was a rich cultural hub, home of many Arab poets, writers, and religious scholars. The theological school of Mu'utazilah was developed here, and it was a prominent city in the popular story Arabian Nights or The Thousand and One Nights. It developed into an important port of Iraq by the 19th century, and played an important strategic role in both World Wars - during World War I, it was used by the British to maintain communications with India; during World War II, it was part of the supply chain to Soviet allies. The city of Basra is a group of three small towns called Basra, Al- Ashar and Al-Ma'qil, and other smaller villages. It is marked by beautiful palm groves and drainage canals, with Kingfishers and other birds flitting over these water bodies while the locals hold picnics, dance, and set up markets at these locations. Lush with trees, gardens, and canoes that glide over calm waters, Basra has an undeniably romantic aura. Ashar, the heart of the city and its old commercial centre, is full of history and significance. While wandering the bazaars selling spices, herbs and coffee, you just need to look up to see the beautiful old Iraqi houses with wooden facades reminiscent of old Arab architecture called Shanasheel. Basra is located in a fertile agricultural region that grows rice, maize, corn, wheat, and dates. Don't miss out on trying Basra's delicious dates from the markets - once upon a time, it was known to have the best dates in the Arabian Peninsula!